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Kuwait MOH Oncology & Haematology Nursing Practice Questions
Oncology and haematology questions test chemotherapy safety, neutropenia and bleeding precautions, oncology emergencies and blood disorders common in the Gulf region such as sickle cell disease and thalassaemia. Below are 5 free sample questions for the Kuwait MOH nursing exam, each with the answer and a rationale.
What this topic covers
- Chemotherapy handling and extravasation
- Neutropenic and thrombocytopenia precautions
- Oncologic emergencies
- Sickle cell crisis care
- Thalassaemia and iron overload
- Palliative symptom control
The full bank has 59 oncology & haematology nursing questions, part of 1,500 questions across 16 nursing topics.
Free Kuwait MOH oncology & haematology nursing questions
1. A patient with a high-grade lymphoma starts chemotherapy. Which set of laboratory results suggests tumour lysis syndrome?
- A. Low haemoglobin, low platelets and low white cells only
- B. High sodium, high glucose and low urea
- C. High potassium, high phosphate, high uric acid and low calcium
- D. Low potassium, low phosphate, low uric acid and high calcium
Show answer and rationale
Rapid tumour cell breakdown releases potassium, phosphate and nucleic acids (converted to uric acid); phosphate binds calcium, causing hypocalcaemia.
Reference: Lewis Medical-Surgical Nursing – oncological emergencies
2. A patient receiving deferoxamine asks why her urine has turned reddish-orange. What is the best response?
- A. It suggests kidney failure and the drug must be stopped
- B. It is a sign of a haemolytic transfusion reaction
- C. It is an expected effect of iron being removed in the urine
- D. It means the dose is too low to be effective
Show answer and rationale
Deferoxamine binds iron to form a complex excreted in the urine, which commonly turns it reddish-orange. This is expected and shows the drug is removing iron.
Reference: Standard nursing pharmacology – deferoxamine
3. Extravasation of vincristine is confirmed during a peripheral infusion. The infusion has been stopped and the prescriber informed. Which local measure is generally recommended for this drug?
- A. Apply an ice pack intermittently for 24 hours
- B. Flush the cannula with 0.9% sodium chloride
- C. Apply a warm compress to the area
- D. Massage the area firmly to disperse the drug
Show answer and rationale
For vinca alkaloids such as vincristine, warmth increases local blood flow and helps disperse the drug. Cold is used for anthracyclines such as doxorubicin; flushing or massaging would spread the vesicant into more tissue.
Reference: Oncology nursing – extravasation management
4. A patient with acute promyelocytic leukaemia is bleeding from IV sites and the gums. Which laboratory pattern supports disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC)?
- A. High platelets, high fibrinogen, normal PT and low D-dimer
- B. Low platelets, low fibrinogen, prolonged PT and raised D-dimer
- C. Normal platelets, normal fibrinogen, short PT and normal D-dimer
- D. Low platelets with all clotting tests and D-dimer normal
Show answer and rationale
In DIC, widespread clotting consumes platelets and clotting factors (low platelets and fibrinogen, prolonged PT) while fibrinolysis raises D-dimer. Low platelets with normal clotting tests suggests isolated thrombocytopenia instead.
Reference: Lewis Medical-Surgical Nursing – disseminated intravascular coagulation
5. A patient receiving chemotherapy has an ANC of 0.3 × 10^9/L and a new temperature of 38.5 °C. What is the nurse's priority?
- A. Give paracetamol and recheck the temperature in 4 hours
- B. Obtain blood cultures and start prescribed IV antibiotics without delay
- C. Encourage oral fluids and document the temperature
- D. Wait for a chest X-ray before contacting the physician
Show answer and rationale
Febrile neutropenia is an oncological emergency; sepsis can develop rapidly. Blood cultures should be taken and broad-spectrum antibiotics started promptly, ideally within one hour.
Reference: Lewis Medical-Surgical Nursing – neutropenia
Study tip
A fever in a neutropenic patient is an emergency. Expect questions about acting on it immediately.
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