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DHA Renal, Fluids & Electrolytes Nursing Practice Questions
What this topic covers
Fluid balance, electrolyte imbalances, IV therapy, acute kidney injury, chronic kidney disease and dialysis care.
Free DHA renal, fluids & electrolytes nursing questions
- A patient with chronic alcohol use disorder
- A patient with chronic kidney disease
- A patient taking magnesium-containing antacids
- A patient with untreated Addison's disease
Show answer and rationale
Answer: A. A patient with chronic alcohol use disorder
Chronic alcohol use causes poor intake and increased renal loss of magnesium. Kidney disease and magnesium antacids are associated with hypermagnesaemia.
Reference: Lewis Medical-Surgical Nursing – magnesium imbalances
- Hyperkalaemia and fluid overload
- Hypokalaemia and dehydration
- Hypoglycaemia
- Metabolic alkalosis
Show answer and rationale
Answer: A. Hyperkalaemia and fluid overload
During oliguria the kidneys cannot excrete potassium, water or acids, leading to hyperkalaemia, fluid overload and metabolic acidosis.
Reference: Lewis Medical-Surgical Nursing – acute kidney injury
- High fever, rigors and flank pain
- Painless haematuria only
- Dysuria, frequency and urgency
- Oedema and weight gain
Show answer and rationale
Answer: C. Dysuria, frequency and urgency
Cystitis causes dysuria, frequency, urgency and suprapubic discomfort. Fever, rigors and flank pain suggest pyelonephritis.
Reference: Lewis Medical-Surgical Nursing – urinary tract infection
- Lift heavy objects to strengthen the pelvic floor
- Limit fluids to 1 litre per day
- Strain hard when opening bowels
- Avoid straining and heavy lifting for several weeks
Show answer and rationale
Answer: D. Avoid straining and heavy lifting for several weeks
Straining and heavy lifting increase the risk of bleeding while the prostatic bed heals; good fluid intake and stool softeners are recommended.
Reference: Lewis Medical-Surgical Nursing – TURP
- Routine maintenance fluid for all patients
- Correcting hypoglycaemia
- Treating hypernatraemia
- Expanding plasma volume by drawing fluid into the vessels
Show answer and rationale
Answer: D. Expanding plasma volume by drawing fluid into the vessels
Albumin is a colloid that raises plasma oncotic pressure, pulling fluid into the intravascular space; it is used in specific situations such as some cases of hypovolaemia or hypoalbuminaemia.
Reference: Standard IV therapy – colloids
Questions are written with AI assistance. About 10% (150+) have been reviewed by a licensed nurse so far, and more are reviewed every month. Practice questions are for study only and may contain mistakes; verify with official study guides from your destination country. Report a question
Study tip
Pair each electrolyte imbalance with its ECG change and key symptom, especially potassium and calcium.
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