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Qatar DHP Renal, Fluids & Electrolytes Practice Questions
This topic combines fluid balance, electrolyte imbalances and kidney care, including dialysis. Many questions include a lab value to interpret. Below are 5 free sample questions for the Qatar DHP (QCHP) nursing qualifying exam, each with the answer and a rationale.
What this topic covers
- Fluid balance, dehydration and overload
- Potassium, sodium, calcium and magnesium imbalances
- Acid-base interpretation
- Acute kidney injury and chronic kidney disease
- Haemodialysis fistula care and peritoneal dialysis
- Catheter care and UTI prevention
The full bank has 100 renal, fluids & electrolytes questions, part of 1,500 questions across 16 nursing topics.
Free Qatar DHP renal, fluids & electrolytes questions
1. Which food is highest in potassium and would be encouraged for a patient with mild hypokalaemia?
- A. White rice
- B. Boiled egg
- C. Apple juice
- D. Banana
Show answer and rationale
Bananas, oranges, dried fruit, potatoes, tomatoes and leafy greens are high in potassium.
Reference: Standard nutrition – potassium-rich foods
2. When should a urine specimen for culture be collected in relation to starting antibiotics?
- A. Before the first antibiotic dose
- B. After 24 hours of antibiotics
- C. After the course is complete
- D. Timing does not matter
Show answer and rationale
Cultures should be collected before antibiotics start so organisms are not suppressed, giving accurate identification and sensitivities.
Reference: Lewis Medical-Surgical Nursing – urinary tract infection
3. Arterial blood gas results: pH 7.28, PaCO2 5.1 kPa (38 mmHg), HCO3− 16 mmol/L. How should the nurse interpret this?
- A. Uncompensated metabolic acidosis
- B. Respiratory acidosis
- C. Metabolic alkalosis
- D. Respiratory alkalosis
Show answer and rationale
The pH is low (acidosis), bicarbonate is low (metabolic cause) and PaCO2 is normal (no respiratory compensation yet).
Reference: Lewis Medical-Surgical Nursing – acid–base imbalances
4. What is the main purpose of continuous bladder irrigation after transurethral resection of the prostate (TURP)?
- A. To deliver antibiotics directly to the kidney
- B. To measure kidney function
- C. To prevent blood clots from obstructing the catheter
- D. To stimulate bladder muscle contraction
Show answer and rationale
Continuous irrigation through a three-way catheter flushes blood and prevents clot formation and catheter blockage.
Reference: Lewis Medical-Surgical Nursing – TURP
5. Which measure is most effective in preventing catheter-associated urinary tract infection?
- A. Removing the catheter as soon as it is no longer needed
- B. Routinely changing the catheter every 3 days
- C. Irrigating the catheter daily with antibiotics
- D. Disconnecting the drainage bag to empty it
Show answer and rationale
Avoiding unnecessary catheters and removing them promptly is the most effective CAUTI prevention. Routine changes, irrigation and breaking the closed system are not recommended.
Reference: CDC Guideline for Prevention of CAUTI
Study tip
Memorise the normal potassium range and the ECG changes of high potassium. It is one of the most common exam questions.
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